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Marian civil war
The Marian civil war in Scotland (1568-1573) was a period of conflict which followed the abdication of Mary, Queen of Scots and her escape from Loch Leven Castle in May 1568. Those who ruled in the name of the infant James VI of Scotland fought against the supporters of the Queen, who was exiled in England. Edinburgh Castle, which was garrisoned in her name, became the focus of the conflict and surrendered only after an English intervention in May 1573. The conflict in 1570 was called an "intestine war in the bowels of this commonwealth",〔''Register Privy Council of Scotland, Addenda'', vol.14, p.50〕 and the period was called soon after an "intestine war driven by questions against authority."〔''Calendar State Papers Scotland'', vol.5, (1907), p.361 no.437, English comment of 1579 referring 1568-1573: ''Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland'', vol.8 (1982), Latin phrase "tempore ultimi intestini belli nostro in regno concitani per questionem tunc contra nostram authoritatem commotam" referring to May 1571.〕
==Queen's men and King's men==
The supporters of Queen Mary had popular international support for what was seen as the legitimate cause of supporters of an unjustly deposed monarch. The King's party claimed that their cause was a war of religion, like that in France, and that they were fighting for the Protestant cause. Mary had escaped from her imprisonment in Lochleven Castle to join her main supporters in the west of Scotland, but they were defeated at the Battle of Langside by her half-brother James Stewart, earl of Moray. Mary went to England.
The Earl of Moray was Regent of Scotland and ruled with a council of regency. Mary had depended on the support of the Hamilton family at Langside, and existing rivalries with Hamiltons partly determined who came to join her side. Other supporters of the Queen objected to Moray as a ruler.〔Lynch, Michael, ''Scotland, A New History'', Pimlico (1991), p.221-2〕
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